A large number of New Zealanders are facing a perfect storm at retirement, with minimal savings and no house, raising the risk that thousands will enter old age in poverty.

According to the latest retirement expenditure guidelines from Massey University, a two-person retiree household living an urban “choices” lifestyle, which includes some luxuries, would need to have saved NZ$809,000.

In the provinces, a couple would need to have saved $511,000.

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New Zealanders have traditionally relied on owning a home to support themselves during their retirement years. But many of the New Zealanders now aged between 50 and 65 – a cohort of almost half a million people – will go into retirement as renters after skyrocketing house prices over the last three decades put home ownership out of reach.

At the same time, this generation were already working adults when the Labour government introduced KiwiSaver in 2007, and are less likely to have a significant savings cushion.

Last year, Treasury raised concerns that this mixed group of baby boomers and generation X will not be able to financially manage retirement on their own.

Declining home ownership
Home ownership in New Zealand has fallen to the lowest rate in 70 years, with just 65 percent of people living in houses they own, down from the peak of 74 percent in the 1990s.

According to the 2018 Census, around one in four people between 50 and 65 don’t own the home they live in.

Research by Kay Saville-Smith from the Centre for Research Evaluation and Social Assessment suggests that by 2053 almost half of over-65s would be renting. That would mean 640,000 over-65s renting, including 326,000 renters aged over 85.

This issue of declining home ownership disproportionately affects those who have remained on low incomes throughout their working life. This, in turn, has stark consequences for Māori and Pacific people in New Zealand.

Between 1986 and 2013 the proportion of Māori and Pacific peoples living in owner occupied housing fell at a faster rate than the overall population (down 20 percent and 34.8 percent, respectively).

Skyrocketing rents
Also, in the last five years nationwide rents have risen 28 percent across all property types and regions.

For increasing numbers of people, housing — whether through ownership or renting — has become unaffordable.

The rapidly increasing rental costs have also reduced the ability of people to save for their own home.

KiwiSaver came too late

In 2007, the Labour-led government set up KiwiSaver as a voluntary savings scheme to help New Zealanders save for their retirement and to lift New Zealand’s low national savings rate.

But New Zealanders aged 50 to 64 were already adults and mid-career when KiwiSaver was launched. In our low-wage economy, they are likely to have contributed only 3 percent of wages, in addition to the employer’s 3 percent.

While some will have used their KiwiSaver account plus the government subsidy to put a deposit on a home purchase, few will have saved a significant nest egg for retirement. The 2021 Financial Markets Authority KiwiSaver Report showed average balances of only $26,410.

Squeaking by on superannuation
There is some support for retirees. When a person reaches the qualifying age of 65 years, they receive New Zealand Superannuation, currently $437 per week after tax for a single person.

But superannuation is predicated on owning your home rather than renting. Home ownership means effectively living rent free, with only rates and maintenance as regular necessary expenses in addition to food, power and phone.

Those people renting are currently confronted by a median weekly rental for a small house or apartment of $390 per week. While they may also be able to access the accommodation supplement and temporary additional support to assist with costs, a new threat has emerged in the form of inflation.

Consumer price index inflation peaked at close to 6.35 percent in early 2022, its highest level in three decades.

As well as steady increases in the price of electricity, petrol prices increased by 10 percent over the past year, and annual food prices rose 6.85 percent in February year-on-year. Fruit and vegetables are the largest contributors to the price rise. Car use can be contained with less recreational outings, but electricity, fruit and vegetables are needed for health.

None of this is going unnoticed. Treasury has raised the alarm about the increase of old age poverty. Many in the 50-65 age group share those concerns, and are approaching retirement with rational trepidation.

Dr Claire Dale is a research fellow, University of Auckland. This article is republished from The Conversation under a Creative Commons licence. Read the original article.

The Fiji National Provident Fund has released $5.33 million in flood assistance funds to 6351 members in the aftermath of two recently devastating cyclones that passed through the Fiji islands group.

Tropical Cyclone Josie and TC Keni brought torrential rain and strong winds, causing massive flooding in most parts of the Western Division and other low-lying areas around the country.

The FNPF had stepped in to offer affected members some relief through its natural disaster assistance initiative.

In a statement, FNPF chief executive officer Jaoji Koroi said inspection of the worst affected areas had been completed.

He said inspection teams distributed 13,646 forms so far.

“We’ve shifted our focus to the processing of applications because most of the areas that were identified have been covered by our inspection teams,” he said.

“The teams have been conducting follow up visits since Tuesday to members who had missed out during the initial inspection in their respective areas.

“We continue to receive queries from members and we’ve taken note of the genuine cases while at the same time advising those who were not affected that this assistance is not for them.”

Koroi said FNPF assistance would also be extended to Kadavu next week, adding two teams would be in Vunisea, which had been identified as the worst affected area on the island.

“We encourage affected members in Kadavu to ensure that they are ready with all their requirements and provide these to our teams when they are there,” Koroi said.

The fund has been liaising with the Divisional Commissioners during the natural disaster response phase and continues to work closely with them as it provides the relevant assistance to its members living in the affected areas.

“Members are reminded again that the fund is a retirement savings scheme and withdrawals ultimately reduces their savings,” Koroi said.

The 27,400-plus members of the Vanuatu National Provident Fund (VNPF) have been assured that their savings are safe, but the performance and situation of the fund must be improved without further delay.

This was confirmed when the Commission of Inquiry handed its 127-page report into the alleged mismanagement, illegal and improper conduct of the past and present VNPF staff to Justice Minister Ronald Warsal and Acting Finance Minister, Jean Pierre Nirua, yesterday afternoon.

The commission uncovered multiple examples of alleged conflicts of interest in which rules appear to have been ignored.

Specific serious alleged conflicts by board members as presented by the commission yesterday include:

• Paul Montgolfier’s involvement as a board member and an adviser for the vendor selling Banian land.

• Santos Vatoko’s involvement as general manager and a close personal friend of the vendor of the No. 2 Lagoon land.

• Anniva Tarilongi’s close involvement, through her husband, with the advisers recommending the Bouffa be converted from housing to farming.

Other alleged conflicts
Other alleged conflicts of interest by non-board members as presented by the commission yesterday include:

• Tukana Bovoro’s membership of the Board Investment Committee at the time of the Wilco acquisition while he was chief executive of the Wilco company, which was selling properties to VNPF.

• Ridgeway and Blake lawyers engagement to provide legal advice to the fund and draft the sale of shares agreement and lease agreement with Wilco, while being directors and shareholders of companies who were shareholders of Wilco Ltd.

• Corporate manager Hollingsworth Ala Ngwele’s close connection with the consultant in the i-Pacific contract.

The commission was also presented with allegations of political interference by the then Prime Minister in the appointment of Mrs Tarilongi, the then Minister of Finance in the Interchange Limited investment, the Ambassador to EU in the CLA loan and the then Minister of Education in the Fiji Student Accommodation investment proposal.

All of these situations raised suspicions, although the commission did not have enough evidence to draw conclusive recommendations on prosecution.

Investigation taskforce
The commission has recommended the establishment of a taskforce on the criminal side to further investigate recommendations relating to prosecutions.

The taskforce, it said, should comprise representatives from the Office of the Public Prosecutor, police and Office of the Ombudsman and engage forensic accountants where necessary.

The commission recommended that the criminal taskforce and/or the Ombudsman follow up on all the named allegations of political interference, identify any wrongdoing and determine subsequent action.

The commission further recommended the establishment of a taskforce on regulatory frameworks, to further develop specific regulatory reforms.

“This is very important,” said commission chairman Olivier Fernandez.

“This is the only way of avoiding past mistakes from happening in the future.”

This taskforce should comprise legal, finance and organisational and management specialists and should also include the new general manager.

Breaches of guidelines
The commission also considered breaches of Investment Policy Guidelines (IPGs) and irregularities in investment cases as well as breaches of procurement rules and irregularities in contracts and tenders.

Acting Minister of Finance Jean Pierre Nirua thanked the commission team for the excellent work achieved.

“It is true it is not often that we get to hear the outcomes of a commission of inquiry in the presence of media,” he said.

“On behalf of the government, my colleague minister and myself want to see accurate media reports which will reflect the reality and status of the report.

“It must not be seen as preempting any decision which will be taken by the government.

“Some hear the outcome of the report as very sensitive and critical, let us take it as it is. It is only a report.

“The report outlines some processes, let us give respect to these processes. No one wants to see a repeat of the 1998 scenario.

‘Safeguard the credibility’
“In order to safeguard the credibility of this institution for the purpose of which it was set up, let us handle the report properly.

“It doesn’t mean that just because the report recommended criminal recommendations and prosecutions then we will take it for granted that this will happen.

“Let the process take its course. On behalf of the government, we assure that the government will follow the process and follow up the recommended actions within the law.

“We all have a collective responsibility.”

The handover of the report was witnessed by the Ombudsman, the Deputy Governor of the Reserve Bank of Vanuatu (RBV), government officials and VNPF staff.

Jane Joshua is deputy editor of the Vanuatu Daily Post.